A Simple Guide to the Meaning and Use of Infinitive Phrases with Exercises

Welcome to the article on infinitive phrases! This guide will help you understand their meaning, how they function in sentences, and how to use them effectively in your writing.

INTRODUCTION

What is an Infinitive?

An infinitive is the base form of a verb, often preceded by the word to. It can function as a noun, adjective, or adverb.
Examples: to run, to eat, to learn

To read is important. (noun)
He has a plan to improve. (adjective)
She left early to catch the bus. (adverb)

What is a Phrase?

A phrase is a group of words that work together but do not form a complete sentence.

What is an Infinitive Phrase?

An infinitive phrase is a phrase that begins with an infinitive (to + verb) and includes its object and any modifiers. The entire phrase functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

To learn a new language takes time (noun)
He needs a strategy to solve the problem. (adjective)
She left early to avoid traffic. (adverb)

Components of a Infinitive Phrases

Infinitive: The base form of a verb with to (e.g., to study, to write).
Object: A noun or pronoun that follows the infinitive (e.g., a book, the report).
Modifiers: Words that describe or add detail to the infinitive or its object (e.g., quickly, carefully)

To finish the project on time requires effort.
- Infinitive: to finish
- Object: the project
- Modifier: on time

Functions of Infinitive Phrases

As Nouns:
- To exercise regularly is beneficial for health. (subject)
- She wants to travel the world. (object)
As Adjectives:
Infinitive phrases as adjectives modify a noun by providing more information.
- He bought a book to improve his cooking skills. (modifies book)
As Adverbs:
Infinitive phrases as adverbs modify a verb, adjective, or another adverb by explaining purpose or reason.
- They stayed late to complete the assignment. (modifies stayed)

EXAMPLE INFINITIVE PHRASES

Simple Infinitive Phrases: These consist of just the infinitive and its object.
- to read a book
- to solve a puzzle
- to learn English

Infinitive Phrases with Modifiers: These include adjectives or adverbs that describe the infinitive or its object.
- to read a difficult book quickly
- to solve a complex puzzle easily
- to learn English fluently

Infinitive Phrases with Multiple Objects: Some infinitive phrases can have compound objects.

- to read books and magazines
- to solve puzzles and riddles
- to learn English and French

The Use of Infinitive Phrases in Sentences

Infinitive phrases help express purposes, plans, goals, or results, making sentences clearer and more concise.

He works hard to support his family. (purpose)
She has a goal to become a doctor. (goal)
They moved to a new city to find better opportunities. (reason)

What is a Split Infinitive?

A split infinitive occurs when a word is placed between to and the verb. Although sometimes discouraged, split infinitives are common in informal English.

She wants to quickly finish her homework.
In formal writing, this might be revised to:
She wants to finish her homework quickly.

Common Verbs Followed by Infinitives

Some verbs are typically followed by infinitives:

want: I want to learn.
decide: They decided to leave early.
plan: She plans to start a new project.
need: We need to finish on time.
offer: He offered to help.

Exercises on Infinitive Phrases

Exercise 1. Complete the sentences using infinitive phrases from the following list.

to complete the assignment
to solve the problem quickly
to improve my skills
to visit new places
to prepare for the exam

She is taking extra classes __________.
They left early __________.
His goal is __________.
I enjoy traveling because I like __________.
It’s important __________ before the deadline.

FAQ

Q: What is an infinitive phrase?
A: An infinitive phrase is a group of words that begins with to + base verb and functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

Q: What are 10 examples of infinitive phrases?

to read a novel
to write a report
to play soccer
to learn programming
to visit a museum
to practice the piano
to travel abroad
to solve problems
to improve your skills
to finish homework

Q: What are 5 examples of infinitive phrases with modifiers?

to read a difficult book quickly
to write a detailed report carefully
to play competitive soccer skillfully
to practice piano every evening
to travel to beautiful places around the world

Q: How do I identify an infinitive phrase?
A: Look for a phrase starting with to followed by a verb. Check if it acts as a noun, adjective, or adverb in the sentence.

Q: What is the difference between an infinitive phrase and a prepositional phrase?
A: An infinitive phrase begins with to + verb (to learn English), while a prepositional phrase begins with to + noun (to the market).